Instructional
Elementary Substitute Teacher
Provides temporary classroom coverage for absent teachers
- Pay range
- $15,000–$36,000
- Median
- $25,000
- Education
- Bachelor's degree
- Job outlook
- Stable
What you'll do
- Follow lesson plans left by regular teacher
- Maintain classroom management and routines
- Supervise student activities and assignments
- Ensure student safety and well-being
- Leave notes for returning teacher
- Adapt to different grade levels and subjects
A typical day
- Check in at school office for assignment
- Review lesson plans and materials
- Introduce yourself and establish expectations
- Facilitate planned activities and lessons
- Manage transitions and routines
- Handle student questions and needs
- Document the day for regular teacher
Education & certification path
- Bachelor's degree (preferred)
- Complete substitute teacher training
- Pass background checks
- Some states require substitute license
Required certifications
- Substitute teaching permit or license
- Background check and fingerprinting
- District substitute orientation
Career progression
- Substitute Teacher → Long-term Substitute
- Building Substitute → Regular Teacher
- Permanent Substitute Position
- Teacher Assistant or Aide
Where and when you'll work
- Work environment
- Various classrooms and grade levels, different school each day
- Typical schedule
- Daily rate ($90-200/day), flexible schedule, typically 120-180 days/year
Frequently asked questions
How much does a substitute teacher make?
Substitute teachers typically earn $90-$200 per day, depending on the state and district. Working a full school year of 120-180 days, that translates to roughly $15,000-$36,000 annually. Long-term substitutes who fill a position for an extended period often earn higher daily rates, sometimes matching entry-level teacher pay.
What is the average pay for a substitute teacher?
The average pay for a substitute teacher is approximately $130 per day or about $25,000 per year. However, pay varies significantly by location. Urban districts and states like California and New York tend to pay $150-$200/day, while rural districts may pay $80-$100/day. Some districts also offer benefits for substitutes who work regularly.
Do you need a degree to be a substitute teacher?
Requirements vary by state. Most states prefer a bachelor's degree, but some allow substitute teaching with an associate's degree or even a high school diploma plus relevant experience. All states require a background check, and many require a substitute teaching permit or license. Check your state's Department of Education for specific requirements.
Can substitute teaching lead to a full-time teaching job?
Yes, substitute teaching is one of the most common paths to a full-time teaching position. Many districts hire from their substitute pool first. Working as a substitute lets you build relationships with principals, demonstrate your classroom management skills, and learn the school culture — all of which give you an advantage when permanent positions open up.